Who needs to be careful with caffeine? Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children and medication

Who needs to be careful with caffeine? Pregnancy, breastfeeding, children and medication

Published / 8 min read

Daily caffeine guidance for pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, sensitive people and those on medication, taken directly from the public authorities that publish it. Japan sets no limit of its own, which is why the figures differ between authorities.

Ne9 is being prepared for sale as a food product in Japan and is not yet on sale. See the product specifications and launch plans for current amounts, three planned flavours and indicative price.

Some pages say the limit in pregnancy is 200mg a day. Others say 300mg.

Neither is wrong. They are quoting different authorities.

This article lines up the figures that public authorities actually publish, for pregnancy, breastfeeding, children, people sensitive to caffeine and people on medication. Where the figures disagree, that is stated too.

Japan sets no limit of its own

Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare states that a limit for caffeine intake has not been set in Japan, nor internationally.

The Food Safety Commission of Japan likewise states that no Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) has been established for caffeine. The reason is that sensitivity to caffeine varies a great deal between individuals, which makes the health effects hard to assess precisely.

So there is no such thing as "the Japanese figure". Every number you find online comes from some authority's guidance for its own population — which is why each figure below is attributed.

During pregnancy

The authorities split between 200mg and 300mg.

AuthorityDaily guidanceNotes
EFSA (European Food Safety Authority)Up to 200mgThe level at which no foetal health risk arises
UK Food Standards Agency200mgLowered from 300mg in 2008
WHOCaution above 300mg2016 recommendation. In 2001, three to four cups of coffee a day
Health CanadaUp to 300mgSame figure for breastfeeding and for those planning a pregnancy
ILSI North AmericaUp to 300mgConfirmed by systematic review

Staying within the lower figure of 200mg keeps you inside every value in the table.

For a sense of scale, here are single servings:

ServingApproximate caffeine
Sencha (green tea)150mlabout 30mg
Black tea150mlabout 45mg
Coffee (brewed)150mlabout 90mg
Gyokuro (shaded green tea)150mlabout 180mg
Caffeine pouch1 pouch150–200mg

A single caffeine pouch reaches or exceeds 200mg. You can leave half a cup of coffee. A pouch is the stated amount, with no way to take less.

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, avoid use or ask a doctor first.

While breastfeeding

AuthorityGuidance
EFSAUp to 200mg per single dose, and up to 200mg per day
Health CanadaUp to 300mg per day

EFSA gives breastfeeding a single-dose figure as well as a daily one. That matters for any format with a large serving size.

Children and adolescents

Health Canada publishes figures by age, based on 2.5mg per kg of body weight applied to standard weights for each age.

AgeDaily guidance
4–6 yearsUp to 45mg
7–9 yearsUp to 62.5mg
10–12 yearsUp to 85mg
13 years and overUp to 2.5mg per kg of body weight

EFSA notes that the evidence for children and adolescents is limited, but considers that the same 3mg per kg of body weight used for adults can be applied both as a single dose and as a daily intake.

Placed next to everyday servings, the amounts are small:

Keep them out of reach of children. Storage is covered in storing and disposing of caffeine pouches.

Japan's MHLW also advises that children, pregnant and breastfeeding women, and people sensitive to caffeine refrain from consumption.

People sensitive to caffeine, and before bed

As the Food Safety Commission of Japan notes, sensitivity to caffeine varies widely between individuals — the same amount affects people differently. That is precisely why no single ADI has been set.

For sleep, the Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES) gives a figure: a single dose of 100mg immediately before bed (about 1.4mg per kg for a 70kg adult) may disturb sleep in some adults. The same may apply to children and teenagers taking about 1.4mg per kg before bed.

100mg is less than a cup of coffee. Avoid use before bed.

People on medication or under treatment

This is the one area that numbers cannot settle, for two reasons.

First, every figure above applies to healthy adults. EFSA's assessment does not cover people with diseases, or combinations with medicines. The premise behind the numbers does not hold.

Second, caffeine is not only in food. Health Canada points out that caffeine is also found in some over-the-counter cold and headache remedies, and advises reading the label on every product carefully. Counting only food and drink will not give you your actual total.

If you are on medication or under treatment, avoid use or ask a doctor or pharmacist first.

What to watch with the pouch format

The serving is large. Products on the market run from around 150mg to around 200mg per pouch. Against the figures above — 200mg in pregnancy, 45–85mg for children — a single pouch accounts for a very large share.

You cannot take less. A pouch is the stated amount. Choosing a serving size is covered in 150mg or 200mg, which to choose.

Check the label. Whether a product states a daily guideline and its cautions is something you can check before buying — see how to choose a caffeine pouch.

Questions

Why do the figures differ between authorities?

Each authority issues guidance for its own population based on its own assessment. Japan has set no limit, so there is no single official answer. Staying within the lowest figure keeps you inside the others.

Can I use a caffeine pouch during pregnancy?

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, avoid use or ask a doctor first. At 150–200mg, one pouch reaches or exceeds the 200mg figure given for pregnancy.

What if a child puts one in their mouth?

Age, body weight and amount all change the picture, so do not judge it yourself. In Japan, the Japan Poison Information Center runs a free advice line for the public, 24 hours a day, every day of the year: Osaka 072-727-2499, Tsukuba 029-852-9999. If there are symptoms, seek medical care first.

How do I know whether I am sensitive to caffeine?

Public sources confirm that sensitivity varies widely, but no method of telling in advance is published. Ask a doctor if you are concerned.

I take cold medicine. Can I use one as well?

Some over-the-counter cold and headache remedies contain caffeine. Check the label first, and if you are on medication or under treatment, ask a doctor or pharmacist.

What happens if I go over the daily guideline?

Dizziness, a raised heart rate, agitation, anxiety, tremor, difficulty sleeping, diarrhoea and nausea can occur. Daily guidance is covered in how much caffeine a day is the guideline?.


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Ne9 for reference

CategoryFood (confectionery, individually portioned)
Caffeine150mg per pouch
L-theanine75mg per pouch
Daily guidelineUp to 2 pouches (300mg of caffeine)

The daily guideline is printed on the lid. It assumes a healthy adult, and does not apply to the groups above.

Sources

The figures above are quoted as published:

Each authority set its own scope and conditions. These are not allowances to be added up and filled. Ask a doctor if you are unsure.

How this article was prepared

We prioritize primary sources from public authorities and current product specifications. When writing-assistance tools are used, our editorial team checks product details, wording and references before publication. This is not medical advice and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease. We change the updated date only after a substantive revision.

Primary references

Corrections and questions

If you find an error or an unclear passage, please contact our editorial team. We will review it and, when needed, correct the article and its updated date.

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